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diff --git a/docs/src/explanations/muxes-and-input-selection.md b/docs/src/explanations/muxes-and-input-selection.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..ae087e83 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/src/explanations/muxes-and-input-selection.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +--- +layout: docs +title: "Muxes and Input Selection" +section: "chisel3" +--- + +# Muxes and Input Selection + +Selecting inputs is very useful in hardware description, and therefore Chisel provides several built-in generic input-selection implementations. + +### Mux +The first one is `Mux`. This is a 2-input selector. Unlike the `Mux2` example which was presented previously, the built-in `Mux` allows +the inputs (`in0` and `in1`) to be any datatype as long as they are the same subclass of `Data`. + +By using the functional module creation feature presented in the previous section, we can create multi-input selector in a simple way: + +```scala +Mux(c1, a, Mux(c2, b, Mux(..., default))) +``` + +### MuxCase + +The nested `Mux` is not necessary since Chisel also provides the built-in `MuxCase`, which implements that exact feature. +`MuxCase` is an n-way `Mux`, which can be used as follows: + +```scala +MuxCase(default, Array(c1 -> a, c2 -> b, ...)) +``` + +Where each selection dependency is represented as a tuple in a Scala +array [ condition -> selected_input_port ]. + +### MuxLookup +Chisel also provides `MuxLookup` which is an n-way indexed multiplexer: + +```scala +MuxLookup(idx, default, + Array(0.U -> a, 1.U -> b, ...)) +``` + +This is the same as a `MuxCase`, where the conditions are all index based selection: + +```scala +MuxCase(default, + Array((idx === 0.U) -> a, + (idx === 1.U) -> b, ...)) +``` + +Note that the conditions/cases/selectors (eg. c1, c2) must be in parentheses. + +### Mux1H +Another ```Mux``` utility is the one-hot mux, ```Mux1H```. It takes a sequence of selectors and values and returns the value associated with the one selector that is set. If zero or multiple selectors are set the behavior is undefined. For example: + +```scala + val hotValue = chisel3.util.Mux1H(Seq( + io.selector(0) -> 2.U, + io.selector(1) -> 4.U, + io.selector(2) -> 8.U, + io.selector(4) -> 11.U, + )) +``` +```Mux1H``` whenever possible generates *Firrtl* that is readily optimizable as low depth and/or tree. This optimization is not possible when the values are of type ```FixedPoint``` or an aggregate type that contains ```FixedPoint```s and results instead as a simple ```Mux``` tree. This behavior could be sub-optimal. As ```FixedPoint``` is still *experimental* this behavior may change in the future. |
