10 files changed, 64 insertions, 27 deletions
diff --git a/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Aggregate.scala b/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Aggregate.scala
index 1b49e163..666d8283 100644
--- a/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Aggregate.scala
+++ b/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Aggregate.scala
@@ -179,8 +179,11 @@ sealed class Vec[T <: Data] private (gen: => T, val length: Int)
   @deprecated("Use Vec.apply instead", "chisel3")
   def write(idx: UInt, data: T): Unit = apply(idx).:=(data)(DeprecatedSourceInfo)
 
-  override def cloneType: this.type =
-    Vec(length, gen).asInstanceOf[this.type]
+  override def cloneType: this.type = {
+    val clone = Vec(length, gen).asInstanceOf[this.type]
+    clone.unBind()
+    clone
+  }
 
   private[chisel3] def toType: String = s"${sample_element.toType}[$length]"
   private[chisel3] lazy val flatten: IndexedSeq[Bits] =
diff --git a/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Bits.scala b/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Bits.scala
index 1bdf66f1..e8aae578 100644
--- a/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Bits.scala
+++ b/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Bits.scala
@@ -51,7 +51,11 @@ sealed abstract class Bits(width: Width, override val litArg: Option[LitArg])
 
   private[chisel3] def flatten: IndexedSeq[Bits] = IndexedSeq(this)
 
-  def cloneType: this.type = cloneTypeWidth(width)
+  def cloneType: this.type = {
+    val clone = cloneTypeWidth(width)
+    clone.unBind()
+    clone
+  }
 
   final def tail(n: Int): UInt = macro SourceInfoTransform.nArg
   final def head(n: Int): UInt = macro SourceInfoTransform.nArg
@@ -514,12 +518,12 @@ sealed class UInt private[core] (width: Width, lit: Option[ULit] = None)
 private[core] sealed trait UIntFactory {
   /** Create a UInt type with inferred width. */
   def apply(): UInt = apply(Width())
+  /** Create a UInt type or port with fixed width. */
+  def apply(width: Int): UInt = apply(Width(width))
   /** Create a UInt port with specified width. */
   def apply(width: Width): UInt = new UInt(width)
   /** Create a UInt with a specified width - compatibility with Chisel2. */
-  def apply(dummy: Option[Direction] = None, width: Int): UInt = apply(Width(width))
-  /** Create a UInt literal with inferred width. */
-  def apply(value: BigInt): UInt = apply(value, Width())
+  def apply(dummy: Direction, width: Int): UInt = apply(Width(width))
   /** Create a UInt literal with fixed width. */
   def apply(value: BigInt, width: Int): UInt = apply(value, Width(width))
   /** Create a UInt literal with inferred width. */
@@ -733,7 +737,12 @@ object Bool {
 
   /** Creates Bool literal.
    */
-  def apply(x: Boolean): Bool = new Bool(Some(ULit(if (x) 1 else 0, Width(1))))
+  def apply(x: Boolean): Bool = {
+    val result = new Bool(Some(ULit(if (x) 1 else 0, Width(1))))
+    // Bind result to being an Literal
+    result.binding = LitBinding()
+    result
+  }
 }
 
 object Mux {
diff --git a/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Data.scala b/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Data.scala
index 4cc66cb5..79119114 100644
--- a/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Data.scala
+++ b/chiselFrontend/src/main/scala/chisel3/core/Data.scala
@@ -174,6 +174,13 @@ abstract class Data extends HasId {
     */
   @deprecated("Use asBits, which makes the reinterpret cast more explicit and actually returns Bits", "chisel3")
   def toBits(): UInt = SeqUtils.do_asUInt(this.flatten)(DeprecatedSourceInfo)
+
+  protected def unBind(): Unit = {
+    //TODO(twigg): Do recursively for better error messages
+    for(elem <- this.allElements) {
+      elem.binding = UnboundBinding(elem.binding.direction)
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 object Wire {
@@ -210,7 +217,11 @@ object Clock {
 
 // TODO: Document this.
 sealed class Clock extends Element(Width(1)) {
-  def cloneType: this.type = Clock().asInstanceOf[this.type]
+  def cloneType: this.type = {
+    val clone = Clock().asInstanceOf[this.type]
+    clone.unBind()
+    clone
+  }
   private[chisel3] override def flatten: IndexedSeq[Bits] = IndexedSeq()
   private[chisel3] def cloneTypeWidth(width: Width): this.type = cloneType
   private[chisel3] def toType = "Clock"
diff --git a/src/main/scala/chisel3/package.scala b/src/main/scala/chisel3/package.scala
index 71ec0e92..86fce6a2 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/chisel3/package.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/chisel3/package.scala
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
+// See LICENSE for license details.
+
 package object chisel3 {
   import scala.language.experimental.macros
 
   import internal.firrtl.Width
   import internal.sourceinfo.{SourceInfo, SourceInfoTransform}
-
   import util.BitPat
 
 
@@ -87,6 +88,11 @@ package object chisel3 {
   implicit class fromBigIntToLiteral(val x: BigInt) extends AnyVal {
     def U: UInt = UInt(x, Width())
     def S: SInt = SInt(x, Width())
+
+    def asUInt() = UInt(x, Width())
+    def asSInt() = SInt(x, Width())
+    def asUInt(width: Int) = UInt(x, width)
+    def asSInt(width: Int) = SInt(x, width)
   }
   implicit class fromStringToLiteral(val x: String) extends AnyVal {
     def U: UInt = UInt(x)
diff --git a/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/BitPat.scala b/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/BitPat.scala
index 9eb5cf67..3ae192a2 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/BitPat.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/BitPat.scala
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ object BitPat {
 // TODO: Break out of Core? (this doesn't involve FIRRTL generation)
 /** Bit patterns are literals with masks, used to represent values with don't
   * cares. Equality comparisons will ignore don't care bits (for example,
-  * BitPat(0b10?1) === UInt(0b1001) and UInt(0b1011)).
+  * BitPat(0b10?1) === 0b1001.asUInt and 0b1011.asUInt.
   */
 sealed class BitPat(val value: BigInt, val mask: BigInt, width: Int) {
   def getWidth: Int = width
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ sealed class BitPat(val value: BigInt, val mask: BigInt, width: Int) {
   def =/= (that: UInt): Bool = macro SourceInfoTransform.thatArg
   def != (that: UInt): Bool = macro SourceInfoTransform.thatArg
 
-  def do_=== (that: UInt)(implicit sourceInfo: SourceInfo): Bool = UInt(value) === (that & UInt(mask))
+  def do_=== (that: UInt)(implicit sourceInfo: SourceInfo): Bool = value.asUInt === (that & mask.asUInt)
   def do_=/= (that: UInt)(implicit sourceInfo: SourceInfo): Bool = !(this === that)
   def do_!= (that: UInt)(implicit sourceInfo: SourceInfo): Bool = this =/= that
 }
diff --git a/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/Decoupled.scala b/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/Decoupled.scala
index 4a6b72e9..fb1ee6b9 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/Decoupled.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/Decoupled.scala
@@ -58,7 +58,11 @@ object DecoupledIO {
       target.ready := Bool(false)
     }
   }
-//  override def cloneType: this.type = { DeqIO(gen).asInstanceOf[this.type]; }
+//  override def cloneType: this.type = {
+//    val clone = DeqIO(gen).asInstanceOf[this.type]
+//    clone.unBind()
+//    clone
+//  }
 }
 
 object EnqIO {
diff --git a/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/Valid.scala b/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/Valid.scala
index 4078a76a..5641f0f2 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/Valid.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/chisel3/util/Valid.scala
@@ -13,7 +13,11 @@ class Valid[+T <: Data](gen: T) extends Bundle
   val valid = Output(Bool())
   val bits  = Output(gen.cloneType)
   def fire(dummy: Int = 0): Bool = valid
-  override def cloneType: this.type = Valid(gen).asInstanceOf[this.type]
+  override def cloneType: this.type = {
+    val clone = Valid(gen).asInstanceOf[this.type]
+    clone.unBind()
+    clone
+  }
 }
 
 /** Adds a valid protocol to any interface */
diff --git a/src/test/scala/chiselTests/GCD.scala b/src/test/scala/chiselTests/GCD.scala
index a8b907af..7c04ae00 100644
--- a/src/test/scala/chiselTests/GCD.scala
+++ b/src/test/scala/chiselTests/GCD.scala
@@ -21,18 +21,18 @@ class GCD extends Module {
   .otherwise     { y := y -% x }
   when (io.e) { x := io.a; y := io.b }
   io.z := x
-  io.v := y === UInt(0)
+  io.v := y === 0.U
 }
 
 class GCDTester(a: Int, b: Int, z: Int) extends BasicTester {
   val dut = Module(new GCD)
-  val first = Reg(init=Bool(true))
-  dut.io.a := UInt(a)
-  dut.io.b := UInt(b)
+  val first = Reg(init=true.B)
+  dut.io.a := a.U
+  dut.io.b := b.U
   dut.io.e := first
-  when(first) { first := Bool(false) }
-  when(dut.io.v) {
-    assert(dut.io.z === UInt(z))
+  when(first) { first := false.B }
+  when(!first && dut.io.v) {
+    assert(dut.io.z === z.U)
     stop()
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/test/scala/chiselTests/Module.scala b/src/test/scala/chiselTests/Module.scala
index f1608d5b..857aeda3 100644
--- a/src/test/scala/chiselTests/Module.scala
+++ b/src/test/scala/chiselTests/Module.scala
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class SimpleIO extends Bundle {
 
 class PlusOne extends Module {
   val io = IO(new SimpleIO)
-  io.out := io.in + UInt(1)
+  io.out := io.in + 1.asUInt
 }
 
 class ModuleVec(val n: Int) extends Module {
diff --git a/src/test/scala/chiselTests/Risc.scala b/src/test/scala/chiselTests/Risc.scala
index fafec95a..c110d37e 100644
--- a/src/test/scala/chiselTests/Risc.scala
+++ b/src/test/scala/chiselTests/Risc.scala
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ class Risc extends Module {
   val rai  = inst(15, 8)
   val rbi  = inst( 7, 0)
 
-  val ra = Mux(rai === Bits(0), Bits(0), file(rai))
-  val rb = Mux(rbi === Bits(0), Bits(0), file(rbi))
+  val ra = Mux(rai === 0.asUInt(), 0.asUInt(), file(rai))
+  val rb = Mux(rbi === 0.asUInt(), 0.asUInt(), file(rbi))
   val rc = Wire(Bits(width = 32))
 
   io.valid := Bool(false)
-  io.out   := Bits(0)
-  rc       := Bits(0)
+  io.out   := 0.asUInt()
+  rc       := 0.asUInt()
 
   when (io.isWr) {
     code(io.wrAddr) := io.wrData
@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ class Risc extends Module {
       is(imm_op) { rc := (rai << 8) | rbi }
     }
     io.out := rc
-    when (rci === UInt(255)) {
+    when (rci === 255.asUInt()) {
       io.valid := Bool(true)
     } .otherwise {
       file(rci) := rc
     }
-    pc := pc +% UInt(1)
+    pc := pc +% 1.asUInt()
   }
 }