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[Dune](https://github.com/ocaml/dune) is a compositional declarative
build system for OCaml. It provides automatic generation of
`version.ml`, `.merlin`, `META`, `opam`, API documentation; install
management; easy integration with external libraries, test runners,
and modular builds.
In particular, Dune uniformly handles components regardless whether
they live in, or out-of-tree. This greatly simplifies cases where a
plugin [or CoqIde] is checked out in the current working copy but then
distributed separately [and vice-versa]. Dune can thus be used as a
more flexible `coq_makefile` replacement.
For now we provide experimental support for a Dune build. In order to
build Coq + the standard library with Dune type:
```
$ make -f Makefile.dune world
```
This PR includes a preliminary, developer-only preview of Dune for
Coq. There is still ongoing work, see
https://github.com/coq/coq/issues/8052 for tracking status towards
full support.
## Technical description.
Dune works out of the box with Coq, once we have fixed some modularity
issues. The main remaining challenge was to support `.vo` files.
As Dune doesn't support custom build rules yet, to properly build
`.vo` files we provide a small helper script `tools/coq_dune.ml`. The
script will scan the Coq library directories and generate the
corresponding rules for `.v -> .vo` and `.ml4 -> .ml` builds. The
script uses `coqdep` as to correctly output the dependencies of
`.v` files. `coq_dune` is akin to `coq_makefile` and should be able to
be used to build Coq projects in the future.
Due to this pitfall, the build process has to proceed in three stages:
1) build `coqdep` and `coq_dune`; 2) generate `dune` files for
`theories` and `plugins`; 3) perform a regular build with all
targets are in scope.
## FAQ
### Why Dune?
Coq has a moderately complex build system and it is not a secret that
many developer-hours have been spent fighting with `make`.
In particular, the current `make`-based system does offer poor support
to verify that the current build rules and variables are coherent, and
requires significant manual, error-prone. Many variables must be
passed by hand, duplicated, etc... Additionally, our make system
offers poor integration with now standard OCaml ecosystem tools such
as `opam`, `ocamlfind` or `odoc`. Another critical point is build
compositionality. Coq is rich in 3rd party contributions, and a big
shortcoming of the current make system is that it cannot be used to
build these projects; requiring us to maintain a custom tool,
`coq_makefile`, with the corresponding cost.
In the past, there has been some efforts to migrate Coq to more
specialized build systems, however these stalled due to a variety of
reasons. Dune, is a declarative, OCaml-specific build tool that is on
the path to become the standard build system for the OCaml ecosystem.
Dune seems to be a good fit for Coq well: it is well-supported, fast,
compositional, and designed for large projects.
### Does Dune replace the make-based build system?
The current, make-based build system is unmodified by this PR and kept
as the default option. However, Dune has the potential
### Is this PR complete? What does it provide?
This PR is ready for developer preview and feedback. The build system
is functional, however, more work is necessary in order to make Dune
the default for Coq.
The main TODOs are tracked at https://github.com/coq/coq/issues/8052
This PR allows developers to use most of the features of Dune today:
- Modular organization of the codebase; each component is built only
against declared dependencies so components are checked for
containment more strictly.
- Hygienic builds; Dune places all artifacts under `_build`.
- Automatic generation of `.install` files, simplified OPAM workflow.
- `utop` support, `-opaque` in developer mode, etc...
- `ml4` files are handled using `coqp5`, a native-code customized
camlp5 executable which brings much faster `ml4 -> ml` processing.
### What dependencies does Dune require?
Dune doesn't depend on any 3rd party package other than the OCaml compiler.
### Some Benchs:
```
$ /usr/bin/time make DUNEOPT="-j 1000" -f Makefile.dune states
59.50user 18.81system 0:29.83elapsed 262%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 302996maxresident)k
0inputs+646632outputs (0major+4893811minor)pagefaults 0swaps
$ /usr/bin/time sh -c "./configure -local -native-compiler no && make -j states"
88.21user 23.65system 0:32.96elapsed 339%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 304992maxresident)k
0inputs+1051680outputs (0major+5300680minor)pagefaults 0swaps
```
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Fixes #8067. This is becoming the default in many developments, so it
makes sense to require it too, both for Coq and for Plugins.
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(Universes and Evd)
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Don't allow notations attached to uniform inductives
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reference was defined as Ident or Qualid, but the qualid type already
permits empty paths. So we had effectively two representations for
unqualified names, that were not seen as equal by eq_reference.
We remove the reference type and replace its uses by qualid.
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This gets `Tactypes` closer to `tactics/`, however some legacy stuff
blocks it in `proofs`. We consider that is satisfactory for now.
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- move_location to proofs/logic.
- intro_pattern_naming to Namegen.
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We remove most of what was deprecated in `Term`. Now, `intf` and
`kernel` are almost deprecation-free, tho I am not very convinced
about the whole `Term -> Constr` renaming but I'm afraid there is no
way back.
Inconsistencies with the constructor policy (see #6440) remain along
the code-base and I'm afraid I don't see a plan to reconcile them.
The `Sorts` deprecation is hard to finalize, opening `Sorts` is not a
good idea as someone added a `List` module inside it.
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In locally nameless mode (proof mode) names in the context *must*
be distinct otherwise the term representation makes no sense.
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We make the vernacular implementation self-contained in the `vernac/`
directory. To this extent we relocate the parser, printer, and AST to
the `vernac/` directory, and move a couple of hint-related types to
`Hints`, where they do indeed belong.
IMO this makes the code easier to understand, and provides a better
modularity of the codebase as now all things under `tactics` have 0
knowledge about vernaculars.
The vernacular extension machinery has also been moved to `vernac/`,
this will help when #6171 [proof state cleanup] is completed along
with a stronger typing for vernacular interpretation that can
distinguish different types of effects vernacular commands can perform.
This PR introduces some very minor source-level incompatibilities due
to a different module layering [thus deprecating is not
possible]. Impact should be relatively minor.
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We address the easy ones, but they should probably be all removed.
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We remove the `fix N / cofix N` forms from the tactic language. This
way, these tactics don't depend anymore on the proof context, in
particular on the proof name, which seems like a fragile practice.
Apart from the concerns wrt maintenability of proof scripts, this also
helps making the "proof state" functional; as we don't have to
propagate the proof name to the tactic layer.
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in CArray
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`Proof_global` is the main consumer of the flag, which doesn't seem to
belong to the AST as plugins show.
This will allow the vernac AST to be placed in `vernac` indeed.
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In #6092, `global_reference` was moved to `kernel`. It makes sense to
go further and use the current kernel style for names.
This has a good effect on the dependency graph, as some core modules
don't depend on library anymore.
A question about providing equality for the GloRef module remains, as
there are two different notions of equality for constants. In that
sense, `KerPair` seems suspicious and at some point it should be
looked at.
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Normalization sounds like it should be semantically noop.
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We bootstrap the circular evar_map <-> econstr dependency by moving
the internal EConstr.API module to Evd.MiniEConstr. Then we make the
Evd functions use econstr.
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We solve some modularity and type duplication problems by moving types
to a better place. In particular:
- We move tactics types from `Misctypes` to `Tactics` as this is their
proper module an single user [with LTAC].
- We deprecate aliases in `Tacexpr` to such tactic types.
cc: #6512
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Unfortunately, mli-only files cannot be included in packs, so we have
the weird situation that the scope for `Tacexpr` is wrong. So we
cannot address the module as `Ltac_plugin.Tacexpr` but it lives in the
global namespace instead.
This creates problem when using other modular build/packing strategies
[such as #6857] This could be indeed considered a bug in the OCaml
compiler.
In order to remedy this situation we face two choices:
- leave the module out of the pack (!)
- create an implementation for the module
I chose the second solution as it seems to me like the most sensible
choice.
cc: #6512.
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The `reference` type contains some ad-hoc locations in its
constructors, but there is no reason not to handle them with the
standard attribute container provided by `CAst.t`.
An orthogonal topic to this commit is whether the `reference` type
should contain a location or not at all.
It seems that many places would become a bit clearer by splitting
`reference` into non-located `reference` and `lreference`, however
some other places become messier so we maintain the current status-quo
for now.
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We continue with the work of #402 and #6745 and update most of the
remaining parts of the AST:
- module declarations
- intro patterns
- top-level sentences
Now, parsed documents should be full annotated by `CAst` nodes.
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This commit was motivated by true spurious conversions arising in my
`to_constr` debug branch.
The changes here need careful review as the tradeoffs are subtle and
still a lot of clean up remains to be done in `vernac/*`.
We have opted for penalize [minimally] the few users coming from true
`Constr`-land, but I am sure we can tweak code in a much better way.
In particular, it is not clear if internalization should take an
`evar_map` even in the cases where it is not triggered, see the
changes under `plugins` for a good example.
Also, the new return type of `Pretyping.understand` should undergo
careful review.
We don't touch `Impargs` as it is not clear how to proceed, however,
the current type of `compute_implicits_gen` looks very suspicious as
it is called often with free evars.
Some TODOs are:
- impargs was calling whd_all, the Econstr equivalent can be either
+ Reductionops.whd_all [which does refolding and no sharing]
+ Reductionops.clos_whd_flags with all as a flag.
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We follow the suggestions in #402 and turn uses of `Loc.located` in
`vernac` into `CAst.t`. The impact should be low as this change mostly
affects top-level vernaculars.
With this change, we are even closer to automatically map a text
document to its AST in a programmatic way.
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The motivations are:
- To reflect the concrete syntax more closely.
- To factorize the different places where "contexts" are internalized:
before this patch, there is a different treatment of `Definition f
'(x,y) := x+y` and `Definition f := fun '(x,y) => x+y`, and a hack
to interpret `Definition f `pat := c : t`. With the patch, the fix
to avoid seeing a variable named `pat` works for both `fun 'x =>
...` and `Definition f 'x := ...`.
The drawbacks are:
- Counterpart to reflecting the concrete syntax more closerly, there
are more redundancies in the syntax. For instance, the case `CLetIn
(na,b,t,c)` can appears also in the form `CProdN (CLocalDef
(na,b,t)::rest,d)` and `CLambdaN (CLocalDef (na,b,t)::rest,d)`.
- Changes in the API, hence adaptation of plugins referring to `constr_expr` needed.
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camlp4
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longer use camlp4.
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There is no way today to distinguish primitive projections from
compatibility constants, at least in the case of a record without
parameters.
We remedy to this by always using the r.(p) syntax when printing
primitive projections, even with Set Printing All.
The input syntax r.(p) is still elaborated to GApp, so that we can preserve
the compatibility layer. Hopefully we can make up a plan to get rid of that
layer, but it will require fixing a few problems.
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... in favor of having Public/Internal sub modules in each and
every module grouping functions according to their intended client.
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