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branches and return predicate
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[Dune](https://github.com/ocaml/dune) is a compositional declarative
build system for OCaml. It provides automatic generation of
`version.ml`, `.merlin`, `META`, `opam`, API documentation; install
management; easy integration with external libraries, test runners,
and modular builds.
In particular, Dune uniformly handles components regardless whether
they live in, or out-of-tree. This greatly simplifies cases where a
plugin [or CoqIde] is checked out in the current working copy but then
distributed separately [and vice-versa]. Dune can thus be used as a
more flexible `coq_makefile` replacement.
For now we provide experimental support for a Dune build. In order to
build Coq + the standard library with Dune type:
```
$ make -f Makefile.dune world
```
This PR includes a preliminary, developer-only preview of Dune for
Coq. There is still ongoing work, see
https://github.com/coq/coq/issues/8052 for tracking status towards
full support.
## Technical description.
Dune works out of the box with Coq, once we have fixed some modularity
issues. The main remaining challenge was to support `.vo` files.
As Dune doesn't support custom build rules yet, to properly build
`.vo` files we provide a small helper script `tools/coq_dune.ml`. The
script will scan the Coq library directories and generate the
corresponding rules for `.v -> .vo` and `.ml4 -> .ml` builds. The
script uses `coqdep` as to correctly output the dependencies of
`.v` files. `coq_dune` is akin to `coq_makefile` and should be able to
be used to build Coq projects in the future.
Due to this pitfall, the build process has to proceed in three stages:
1) build `coqdep` and `coq_dune`; 2) generate `dune` files for
`theories` and `plugins`; 3) perform a regular build with all
targets are in scope.
## FAQ
### Why Dune?
Coq has a moderately complex build system and it is not a secret that
many developer-hours have been spent fighting with `make`.
In particular, the current `make`-based system does offer poor support
to verify that the current build rules and variables are coherent, and
requires significant manual, error-prone. Many variables must be
passed by hand, duplicated, etc... Additionally, our make system
offers poor integration with now standard OCaml ecosystem tools such
as `opam`, `ocamlfind` or `odoc`. Another critical point is build
compositionality. Coq is rich in 3rd party contributions, and a big
shortcoming of the current make system is that it cannot be used to
build these projects; requiring us to maintain a custom tool,
`coq_makefile`, with the corresponding cost.
In the past, there has been some efforts to migrate Coq to more
specialized build systems, however these stalled due to a variety of
reasons. Dune, is a declarative, OCaml-specific build tool that is on
the path to become the standard build system for the OCaml ecosystem.
Dune seems to be a good fit for Coq well: it is well-supported, fast,
compositional, and designed for large projects.
### Does Dune replace the make-based build system?
The current, make-based build system is unmodified by this PR and kept
as the default option. However, Dune has the potential
### Is this PR complete? What does it provide?
This PR is ready for developer preview and feedback. The build system
is functional, however, more work is necessary in order to make Dune
the default for Coq.
The main TODOs are tracked at https://github.com/coq/coq/issues/8052
This PR allows developers to use most of the features of Dune today:
- Modular organization of the codebase; each component is built only
against declared dependencies so components are checked for
containment more strictly.
- Hygienic builds; Dune places all artifacts under `_build`.
- Automatic generation of `.install` files, simplified OPAM workflow.
- `utop` support, `-opaque` in developer mode, etc...
- `ml4` files are handled using `coqp5`, a native-code customized
camlp5 executable which brings much faster `ml4 -> ml` processing.
### What dependencies does Dune require?
Dune doesn't depend on any 3rd party package other than the OCaml compiler.
### Some Benchs:
```
$ /usr/bin/time make DUNEOPT="-j 1000" -f Makefile.dune states
59.50user 18.81system 0:29.83elapsed 262%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 302996maxresident)k
0inputs+646632outputs (0major+4893811minor)pagefaults 0swaps
$ /usr/bin/time sh -c "./configure -local -native-compiler no && make -j states"
88.21user 23.65system 0:32.96elapsed 339%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 304992maxresident)k
0inputs+1051680outputs (0major+5300680minor)pagefaults 0swaps
```
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More precisely: the lambda-let-expanded canonical form of branches and
return predicate is considered as part of the structure of a "match"
and is preserved.
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Internal lemmas are inlined in obligations bodies, hence their universes
have to be declared with the obligations themselves. ~sideff:true was
not including the side effects universes and constraints in that case.
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Keep the universe_levels_of_constr function inside typeops, not
exported.
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The upper layers still need a mapping constant -> projection, which is
provided by Recordops.
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While we were adding a new field into `QuestionMark`, we
decided to go ahead and refactor the constructor to hold
an actual record. This record now holds the name, obligations, and
whether the evar represents a missing record field.
This is used to provide better error messages on missing record
fields.
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(Universes and Evd)
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This shall eventually allow to use contexts of declarations in the
definition of the "Case" constructor.
Basically, this means that Constr now includes Context and that the
"t" types of Context which were specialized on constr are not defined
in Constr (unfortunately using a heavy boilerplate).
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constants
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Apparently it was not useful. I don't remember what I was thinking
when I added it.
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The test isn't quite the one in #7421 because that use of algebraic
universes is wrong.
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reference was defined as Ident or Qualid, but the qualid type already
permits empty paths. So we had effectively two representations for
unqualified names, that were not seen as equal by eq_reference.
We remove the reference type and replace its uses by qualid.
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When restricting an evar with candidates, raise an exception if this
restriction would leave the evar without candidates, i.e. unsolvable.
- evarutil: mark restricted evars as "cleared"
They would otherwise escape being catched by the [advance] function
of clenv, and result in dangling evars not being registered to the shelf.
- engine: restrict_evar marks it cleared, update the future goals
We make the new evar a future goal and remove the old one.
If we did nothing, [unshelve tac] would work correctly as it
uses [Proofview.advance] to find the shelved goals, going through
the cleared evar. But [Unshelve] would fail as it expects only
undefined evars on the shelf and throws away the defined ones.
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Avoid adding the same unification problem twice, module evar instantiation.
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- move_location to proofs/logic.
- intro_pattern_naming to Namegen.
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Actually all the new_ functions are in evarutil still
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Most of it seems straightforward.
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Note that `Assumptions` ships its own copy, but for `Constr.t`.
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Continuing the interface cleanup we place `Constrexpr` in the
internalization module, which is the one that eliminates it.
This slims down `pretyping` considerably, including removing the
`Univdecls` module which existed only due to bad dependency ordering
in the first place. Thanks to @ Skyskimmer we also remove a duplicate
`univ_decl` definition among `Misctypes` and `UState`.
This is mostly a proof of concept yet as it depends on quite a few
patches of the tree. For sure some tweaks will be necessary, but it
should be good for review now.
IMO the tree is now in a state where we can could easy eliminate more
than 10 modules without any impact, IMHO this is a net saving API-wise
and would help people to understand the structure of the code better.
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We remove most of what was deprecated in `Term`. Now, `intf` and
`kernel` are almost deprecation-free, tho I am not very convinced
about the whole `Term -> Constr` renaming but I'm afraid there is no
way back.
Inconsistencies with the constructor policy (see #6440) remain along
the code-base and I'm afraid I don't see a plan to reconcile them.
The `Sorts` deprecation is hard to finalize, opening `Sorts` is not a
good idea as someone added a `List` module inside it.
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We now have only two notions of environments in the kernel: env and
safe_env.
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We address the easy ones, but they should probably be all removed.
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This finishes the splitting of Universes.
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